And, we also are interested in terms of, what are the complaints?
because this begins to give us an idea of detectability.
And for those of us that might be interested in diagnostics, that's an
important term. Overall, questions 4 and 5, 1 and 2, the
ones that we as innovators and entrepreneurs are most interested in.
However, if we're going to develop solutions, we need to be able to answer
all five of these. What are the complaints?
We first start with, with symptoms, which give us complaint, which in terms of we
either are complaining verbally, visually, psychologically.
But we present in some way. There's a clinical presentation on when
we go to the clinic how does a doctor see the difference between what they would
expect from a healthy individual and someone who is exhibiting the compliance
of the symptoms that we have. The effect of the disease we aim what
ails specifically. The effect of long-term consequences, now
this long-term consequences could be driven by a specific disease or they
could be driven by the treatment of an existing disease.
The effect of the treatment. And remember, there may be variations in
terms of age, gender, ethnicity, and other conditions.
And for those of us that are interested in innovation and entrepreneurship.
In many cases, we're asking questions. What are the upside opportunities for the
solution that we're proposing? And if we understand the population
that's going to be affected. And we know something about how that
population may be parsed, or may be grouped.
We may have a better way of going after that market, addressing that market and
delivering care in a sustainable manner. What has changed?
Remember, we're going through all five of these questions.
Change from normal biologic and physiologic perspective.
Causal associations. What's the rate of attack?
We're back to focusing again on age. Then, we're going to introduce something
else. Not just age, but genetics, and
lifestyle. May be things that we're interested in,
they may have something to do with being causal in some way, or it may be that
we're more susceptible depending on our genetic predispositions, our lifestyles,
and our age. What are the consequences?
As innovators and entrepreneurs, we'd like to be able to, if we're going to
have an exchange between the product, the service, and the result that we're
proposing, there has to be something of benefit to the patient and other
stakeholders. They can be expressed in terms of quality
of life. For better or for worse, quality of life
is a difficult end point to address. Quantifiable options may be more
appropriate. For example, for someone presenting with
arthritis, their difficulty maybe simply able to be being able to get out of the
chair and walk across the room. A quantifiable input maybe the number of
steps per minute that the patient can take compared to the number of steps per
minute they could take in a healthy, prior to, healthy condition prior to the
onset of arthritis. And of course, there are always outcomes
related to mortality or survivability. What is frequency?
This is epidemiology. Key background.
It's a key background for market assessment and market planning.
We'd like to know within the population, what's the incidence of the occurrence,
we like the dynamics. If we know that within a population, that
it's a hundred occurrences per hundred thousand over the lifetime of that
population. That's a different dynamic.
Then after a 10 occurrences per year, per hundred thousand, for people between the
ages of 30 and 40, we know how rapidly the onset occurs.
We may have a much better idea of how we would like to go to market and how we can
proceed to treat or support the, treat the disease.
Incidence is important, dynamics is important, population is important, and
what we're asking is consistent. What's our addressable sub-population?
And depending upon the nature of the population, the cost of our solution, the
addressable market may change dramatically.
What are the broader impacts? Economic.
What's the cost of treatment? What's the cost of the treatment
currently? We may be interested in a more efficient
treatment. It doesn't mean that the patient is going
to be any better off with a treatment we propose than the treatment they're
currently receiving, but the cost of that treatment may be lower.
Or the cost of the treatment may be more. But the efficacy, the result, may be
better. What's the cost of hospitalization?
What's the lost productivity? This in gen, genuinely represents the
opportunity for mutual, keyword, sustainable benefit, sustainable benefit
to the stakeholder, to the patient, to the provider.
And sustainable benefit for those of us, entrepreneurs, innovators, who are
attempting to discover and deliver solutions and[UNKNOWN] for existing
healthcare problems. Thank you for your attention.