Now, for the project, they've had to cross 33 municipalities,
the mine itself affects six towns.
They built a brand new shipping terminal.
And you can imagine the environmental
permissions that they've needed to do all that.
The right of ways they needed to negotiate.
The roads which they needed to use and the towns.
And Anglo made an enormous effort first to get all the permits,
then to negotiate with everybody involved.
And then to manage the community relations
in such a way that today, it might is running, it's very productive line.
It's gone under some challenges because of the price of iron ore,
which is slowly coming up.
But today, the mine is seen as an asset in the community.
And Anglo had to spend a lot of time, a lot of energy and
a lot of money to make everything work, to make sure that everything's done properly.
And really to make sure that the social license to operate was achieved.
Yeah, just imagine building this thing.
Thousands and thousands of men from all over Brazil,
descending upon these little towns to build the mine itself.
This causes a huge disturbance in the day-to-day life of the towns,
all of which Anglo had to manage and put back together.
The critical issues in mining typically are catastrophic risks.
So many of you might have seen the movie about the 33 miners who
were trapped in Chile in 2010.
I think Antonio Banderas is in the movie.
Mines do collapse, people get killed, people get trapped.
Fortunately in this case, the international community was mobilized.
Everybody worked really hard and
they've finally got all the guys out which was a bit of a miracle.
The other thing that happens in mines is there's
a lot of water in the process of cleaning and processing the metal.
Sometimes heavy chemicals are used in that process,
creating what they call tailing dams or lakes.
Tailing ponds, which are lengths of water which is waiting to be treated or
has been treated which needs to settle
before you can release the water back into the natural system.
These ponds are typically held back by dams.
And the dams sometimes break.
Not very often, but sometimes.
In 1972 there was a terrible tragedy in Buffalo Creek, West Virginia.
125 people were killed, 1,100 were injured, and 4,000 people homeless
in minutes as a coal mine's tailing dam broke, flooding the valley with really,
really heavy muddy water, basically destroying everything in its path.
In 1998, here in Spain, a copper dam had it's tailing dam break.
Flooding the river,
which eventually goes to a beautiful natural park called, Donana.
This is one of Spain's most beautiful places.
It's a natural wetland.
And there was tremendous concern that the heavy water which is loaded
with heavy metals would eventually hit the park and hurt the wildlife in the park.
Huge efforts by the Spanish government, the company involved which is called
Bulletin, to dam the river and to try to manage the whole process.
And most people would say that not too much damage was done to the park,
although all that is debatable.
What is interesting is Bulletin,
the company which was representing the mine, Canadian company has more or
less ceased to exist because of the cause of this accident,
as well as a whole bunch of other things which were happening at the time.
So managing catastrophic risks becomes very important in the mining business.